Abstract
Cooperation in the Barents Euro-Arctic Region (BEAR) formally began in 1993 with the establishment of separate two platforms: the Barents Euro-Arctic Council (BEAC) and the Barents Regional Council (BRC). However, neither the BEAC nor the BRC was formed as the result of an international treaty. In the case of the BEAC, the five Nordic states (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) and the Russian Federation, along with the Commission of the European Communities, agreed on a platform aiming to promote sustainable economic and social development in the Barents Region, which had been an area of military confrontation during the Cold War. In the case of the BRC, the regional governments (e.g., provincial, county, and oblast’ governments) of the region, together with the indigenous peoples, created another platform. From the beginning of the Cooperation, both platforms have been working together closely. In the course of time, the Cooperation has become more important with respect to addressing the challenges faced by the inhabitants of the region.
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