COOPERATION BETWEEN INDONESIA AND THE PHILIPPINES IN MARITIME AFFAIRS RELATED TO EEZ (EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE) BASED ON THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA OF 1982 OR UNCLOS

Abstract

The determination of Indonesia's marine areas such as territorial sea boundaries, EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zone) boundaries and LK boundaries between Indonesia and neighboring countries is based on international law, one of which is UNCLOS 1982. Indonesia and the Philippines realize that it is important to determine the maritime boundaries of the two countries. The steps to determine maritime boundaries between Indonesia and the Philippines have been discussed since 1994, in a meeting between Senior Officials Regarding the Determination of Maritime Boundaries between Indonesia and the Philippines. Record of Discussions the First Senior Officials Meeting on the Delimitation of the Maritime Boundary Between Indonesia and the Philippines, Manado, 23–25 June 1994, At first the Philippines based on the Treaty of Paris in 1898, described its maritime territory in the form of a box by including Miangas Island into Philippine territory, but this method was not in accordance with the 1982 UNCLOS used by Indonesia as the basis for withdrawal maritime boundary line. This is done by the Philippines considering that territorial boundaries including the determination of its Exclusive Economic Zone are regulated in the Constitution of the country that adopted the provisions in the Treaty of Paris. However, it was only in December 2003 that it began to be realized in the form of a bilateral cooperation framework in the Joint Permanent Working Group on Maritime and Ocean Concerns (JPWGMOC). The International Agreement regarding the establishment of an Exclusive Economic Zone is one of Indonesia's steps to realize its goal as a prosperous maritime country, because this agreement is a space to formulate a National Ocean Development Policy.