Abstract
We experimentally study the dynamics of a degenerate one-dimensional Bose gas that is subject to a continuous outcoupling of atoms. Although standard evaporative cooling is rendered ineffective by the absence of thermalizing collisions in this system, we observe substantial cooling. This cooling proceeds through homogeneous particle dissipation and many-body dephasing, enabling the preparation of otherwise unexpectedly low temperatures. Our observations establish a scaling relation between temperature and particle number, and provide insights into equilibration in the quantum world.
Highlights
Introduction.—Long coherence times, the tunability of many parameters, and the ability to precisely probe and manipulate their quantum state make ultracold atomic gases a very promising and versatile tool to study the physics of quantum many-body systems [1]
We experimentally study the dynamics of a degenerate one-dimensional Bose gas that is subject to a continuous outcoupling of atoms
In this Letter we demonstrate that this notion is incomplete by studying the dissipative dynamics of a one-dimensional Bose gas with contact interactions
Summary
Introduction.—Long coherence times, the tunability of many parameters, and the ability to precisely probe and manipulate their quantum state make ultracold atomic gases a very promising and versatile tool to study the physics of quantum many-body systems [1]. We experimentally study the dynamics of a degenerate one-dimensional Bose gas that is subject to a continuous outcoupling of atoms. This cooling proceeds through homogeneous particle dissipation and many-body dephasing, enabling the preparation of otherwise unexpectedly low temperatures.
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