Abstract
Converting monospecific into mixed forests: stakeholders’ views on ecosystem services in the Black Forest Region
Highlights
Forests have played a crucial role in the development of humankind, being a place of numerous human-environmental interactions
Reasons for prioritizing specific ecosystem services (ES) The four ES out of 18 ES in total named most frequently in the respective categories are timber yield (65%), recreational activities and spiritual experience (75%), water retention and storage (35%), and biodiversity (80%)
Regarding the preference for a forest type for ES provision, there was a general preference for mixed forests for the provision of the four prioritized ES
Summary
Forests have played a crucial role in the development of humankind, being a place of numerous human-environmental interactions. Are forests an essential source of food, timber, fuel, and a place for recreation and relaxation, but they provide intangible benefits on which human well-being depends. These include air quality improvement, water storage, and preservation of biodiversity. The MA developed a framework to enable the broader public to acknowledge these benefits and categorized ecosystem services into four categories. These include tangible or material benefits such as provisioning services (e.g., food and raw materials such as timber and biomass) and intangible or immaterial benefits. Among the intangible benefits are cultural services (e.g., recreation, relaxation, environmental education, and aesthetic enjoyment), regulating services (e.g., nutrient regulation and climate regulation), and supporting ecosystem properties (i.e., the underlying mechanisms of the ecosystems), such as habitat provision and soil formation (MA 2005)
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