Abstract
The Brazilian roundwood production of planted forest (PF) is large and turns Brazil, a prominent player on a global scale. A study was established on a farm located in Tibagi, Paraná, Brazil. We simulated two scenarios: A (continuity planting of pinus), and B (conversion of pinus to corn/soybean production). Results showed that both the productions of pinus and the rotation of soybean/corn are viable economic alternatives. If make-decided, the conversion of pinus to corn/soybean production also presented optimal with an increase of net present value, annual net present value, and internal rate of return, respectively from 9.8 %; R$ 1,519.48; and R$ 160.57 (PF), to 13.7 %; R$ 3,389.50; R$ 304.93 (soybean/corn). The rotation of soybean/corn presented a positive economic flux after the 4th crop-year due to the high initial cost of stump-removal. While, the pinus showed a positive economic flux after the 7th crop-year with the thinning/harvest in the 7th, 10th, 14th, 16th, and 20th years. Based on our results and from literature, we conclude that there is an increase of grain areas due to the influence of global grain consumption and high commodity prices, which can cause a conversion of PF to grain production areas due to higher better economic gains. However, farmers should maintain the economic-health of the property with the diversity of viable economic crops (i.e., pinus and corn/soybean), and the positive impact of planted forest on environmental sustainability.
Highlights
The adequate management of forests is a key for sustainable development with a direct influence on climate change mitigation, introducing a bioeconomy and adequate balance of social, economic, and environmental
This study aimed to evaluate the economic viability of conversion from planted forests to the production of grains, taking into account the conversion costs
Agriculture lands are managed with the planting of soybean, corn, and wheat totaling an area of 700 hectares
Summary
The adequate management of forests is a key for sustainable development with a direct influence on climate change mitigation, introducing a bioeconomy and adequate balance of social, economic, and environmental. The Brazilian roundwood production of the planted forest is large (145 million cubic meters) (FAO 2017), and turns Brazil into a prominent player on a global scale with an area of 7.8 million hectares (IBA, 2019). Part of this success is explained by the productivity increment from 13 to 40 m3 ha year-1 of roundwood in the last 50 years (Gonçalves et al 2013). Pinus occupies 1.6 million hectares of planted forest, located mainly in Paraná (42%) and Santa Catarina (34%). Both pinus and eucalyptus play as important sources of wood, contributing to suppress the illegal exploitation of native wood
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