Abstract
Abstract. Advanced oxidation with O3 / H2O2 (peroxone) was conducted on pilot plant scale on pre-treated Meuse river water to investigate the conversion of organic micropollutants (OMPs) and the formation of bromate. Fourteen selected model compounds were dosed to the pre-treated river water on a regular basis to assess the efficiency of the peroxone process and to establish the influence of the water matrix. The ozone dose was the main factor in the conversion of the model compounds, however, the ozone dose was limited because of bromate formation. The hydrogen peroxide dosage had only a minor effect on the conversion, but it limited the bromate formation effectively. In terms of limited chemical consumption, maximal conversion and to comply the strict Dutch drinking water act for bromate of 1 μg L−1, a practical peroxone setting was 6 mg L−1 hydrogen peroxide and 1.5 mg L−1 ozone. During the investigation period, the average conversion of the model compounds was 78.9 %. The conversion of OMPs was higher at higher water temperatures and lower concentrations of DOC and bicarbonate. The bromate formation also was higher at higher water temperature and lower bicarbonate concentration and proportional with the bromide concentration, above a threshold of about 32 μg L−1 bromide. The peroxone process can be controlled on basis of the (derived) parameters water temperature, bicarbonate and DOC.
Highlights
All over the world surface water is to some extend contaminated with organic micro pollutants (OMPs)
Drinking water company Dunea, in the western part of the Netherlands, recognizes the threat of OMPs in their source the Afgedamde Maas (Enclosed Meuse), a side branch of the Meuse River, the drinking water quality still complies the standards of the Dutch Drinking Water Law, including the standards for OMPs
Advanced oxidation with O3 / H2O2 was conducted on pilot plant scale on pre-treated Meuse river water to investigate the conversion of 14 selected organic micropollutants and the formation of bromate
Summary
All over the world surface water is to some extend contaminated with organic micro pollutants (OMPs). In areas with a shortage of groundwater, drinking water companies use the available surface water as source for drinking water production. They are more and more aware of the fact that conventional treatment technologies, such as coagulation, filtration and activated carbon filtration, are not adequate in removing all OMPs from the surface water. The combination of the increasing concentrations of OMPs in surface waters and the inadequate removal of the polar OMPs with conventional treatment processes, necessitate research on an additional barrier against OMPs. Drinking water company Dunea, in the western part of the Netherlands, recognizes the threat of OMPs in their source the Afgedamde Maas (Enclosed Meuse), a side branch of the Meuse River, the drinking water quality still complies the standards of the Dutch Drinking Water Law, including the standards for OMPs. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) by dune filtration and the dosing of powdered activated carbon (PAC) are the current barriers against these substances
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