Abstract
Traditional smart fluorescent materials, which have been attracting increasing interest for security protection, are usually visible under either ambient or UV light, making them adverse to the potential application of confidential information protection. Herein, we report an approach to realize confidential information protection and storage based on the conversion of lead-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to luminescent perovskite nanocrystals (NCs). Owing to the invisible and controlled printable characteristics of lead-based MOFs, confidential information can be recorded and encrypted by MOF patterns, which cannot be read through common decryption methods. Through our conversion strategy, highly luminescent perovskite NCs can be formed quickly and simply by using a halide salt trigger that reacts with the MOF, thus promoting effective information decryption. Finally, through polar solvents impregnation and halide salt conversion, the luminescence of the perovskite NCs can be quenched and recovered, leading to reversible on/off switching of the luminescence signal for multiple information encryption and decryption processes.
Highlights
Traditional smart fluorescent materials, which have been attracting increasing interest for security protection, are usually visible under either ambient or UV light, making them adverse to the potential application of confidential information protection
A long time (48 h) and high reaction concentration of MABr (20 times than used for luminescent MAPbBr3 NCs@Pb-metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)) conversion process was conducted to consume almost all of the Pb from MOFs, which confirmed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization
The formation mechanism of the MAPbX3 NCs in Pb-MOFs in our work could be attributed to the synergetic roles of the dissolution rate of Pb2+ from the MOF, the diffusion rate of MA+ and X− toward the Pb-MOF and the formation rate of MAPbX3 NCs, in which the formation rate is larger than the dissolution and diffusion rates[41]
Summary
Traditional smart fluorescent materials, which have been attracting increasing interest for security protection, are usually visible under either ambient or UV light, making them adverse to the potential application of confidential information protection. A range of smart luminescent materials including transition-metal complexes[3,4,5], organic dyes[6], inorganic semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs)[7,8,9], carbon dots[10,11,12], and lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles[13,14,15] with changeable luminescent outputs have been explored Through controlling their chemical constitutions or structures in the solid state, tunable luminescent signals can be achieved. We propose an approach to realize confidential information protection and storage based on the conversion of leadbased metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to luminescent perovskite NCs. As a relatively new class of porous hybrid materials, MOFs consist of inorganic metal centers and organic linkers by coordination bonds and possess a series of unique characteristics, including structure diversity, tunable pore sizes, tailorable functionality, and large surface area[26,27,28,29]. Due to the inherent ionic structure, the perovskite NCs in MOF matrix can be destroyed by polar solvents impregnation, quenching the luminescence of the perovskite NCs and realizing the recovery or even reversible on/off switching of the luminescence signal for multiple information encryption and decryption cycles
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