Convergent evolution of insect hearing organs from a preadaptive structure

Abstract

Flies of the taxon Emblemasomatini (Sarcophagidae: Diptera) independently evolved an ear with the same anatomy and location as the Ormiini (Tachinidae: Diptera). Both ears represent a first case of convergent evolution of homologous insect ears, which raises the question for a preadaptation. Physiological and anatomical data indicate a preadaptive-sound-insensitive, but vibration-sensitive scolopidial chordotonal organ in non-hearing flies. As selective pressure for the evolutionary transformation from a vibration receiver into a sound receiver, fast and precise cues for the localization and detection of the sound producing hosts can be presumed.