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Abstract
One of the challenges that China currently faces is how to reduce the emissions of water pollution. However, the study of water pollution convergence has a certain policy significance for controlling the emissions of water pollution. This article firstly uses chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) as indicators of water pollution. Due to the obvious spillover effect of water in space, this article adds a spatial effect to the convergence model. Based on panel data of 30 provinces and cities from 2006 to 2017, this article uses a dynamic spatial Dubin model to analyze the convergence of water pollution emission intensity to address the endogenous problem in the model. The empirical results of this paper show that there is absolute β-convergence and conditional β-convergence in the intensity of water pollution emissions. The spatial autocorrelation test shows that there is a positive spatial autocorrelation of water pollution emissions, which means that the pollution emissions in neighboring areas will affect the emissions in the local area. The industrial structure has a certain promoting effect on the emission of water pollution, which means that adjusting the industrial structure and alleviating the structure of the secondary industry is the trend of future development. Economic growth can curb the emissions of water pollution. The influences of urbanization and foreign investment on the emissions of the two pollutants are inconsistent, and policies can be formulated according to local conditions in the future.
Highlights
Based on the above background, the purpose of this paper is to explore whether there is a convergence in the discharge of water pollution in China? To this end, this research has made the following three contributions: First, this article explores the dynamic trend of China’s water pollutant emissions based on the theory of regional convergence
This article examines the convergence of NH3-N and COD emission intensity in 30 provinces on the basis of previous scholars' research on pollutant emissions
This study verifies the positive spatial autocorrelation of water pollutant emissions and uses the common panel model and the spatial panel model to discuss the convergence of water pollutant emission intensity
Summary
China has gradually emerged as the world's second leading country in terms of GDP. Groundwater in China's seven major water systems, major lakes, coastal waters, and some areas have been polluted to varying degrees. Water pollution will exacerbate the shortage of water resources and have a huge impact on people's lives. China must maintain economic development, and improve environmental quality. For this reason, China is facing enormous challenges. In the face of the complex situation of the world economy and global issues, especially environmental issues, it is impossible for any country to stand alone. Being the world's largest developing country, China shoulders a huge responsibility for improving environmental quality
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