Abstract
Much of the history of acute renal failure and its managment is derived from wartime experience. The phenomenon of acute post-traumatic renal failure was recognized by Bywaters and Beall [1] in military and civilian casualties during World War II; unfortunately, hemodialysis was not yet available at that time. Conventional hemodialysis was first used in chnical practice in 1944, when Kolff [2] successfully dialyzed a 45-year-old woman with drug-induced oliguric acute renal failure and uremic encephalopathy. By the early 1950s, Swan and Merrill [3] were able to achieve a survival rate of 54% in 85 acute renal failure patients, using the Kolff-Brigham coil hemodialyzer [4]. These techniques were later applied successfully during the Korean War.
Published Version
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