Abstract
This work focused on a compound PV/T waste heat driven ejector-heat pump system for simultaneous data centre cooling and waste heat recovery for district heating. The system uses PV/T waste heat as the generator’s heat source, acting with the vapour generated in an evaporative condenser as the ejector drive force. Conventional and advanced exergy and advanced exergoeconomic analyses are used to determine the cause and avoidable degree of the components’ exergy destruction rate and cost rates. Regarding the conventional exergy analysis for the whole system, the compressor represents the largest exergy destruction source of 26%. On the other hand, the generator shows the lowest sources (2%). The advanced exergy analysis indicates that 59.4% of the whole system thermodynamical inefficiencies can be avoided by further design optimisation. The compressor has the highest contribution to the destruction in the avoidable exergy destruction rate (21%), followed by the ejector (18%) and condenser (8%). Moreover, the advanced exergoeconomic results prove that 51% of the system costs are unavoidable. In system components cost comparison, the highest cost comes from the condenser, 30%. In the same context, the ejector has the lowest exergoeconomic factor, and it should be getting more attention to reduce the irreversibility by design improving. On the contrary, the evaporator has the highest exergoeconomic factor (94%).
Highlights
By 2050, the European Union’s target is to become climate neutral by increasing renewable energy dependence and improving energy efficiency by recovering waste heat [1,2].Information and communications technology (ICT) represents an emerging sector because its energy consumption value is 2.5% of European Union electricity consumption [3].The Internet of Things (IoT) provides various services to its users, such as data management, storage, and usage
The results indicate that the exergy destruction in the heat exchanger and in the ORC can be avoided by improving these design variables
Hepbasli et al [23] studied a pilot-scale air-source heat pump for food drying. They concluded that the advanced exergoeconomic analysis gives a more sensitive evaluation of inefficient components to system modification and efficiency improvement
Summary
By 2050, the European Union’s target is to become climate neutral by increasing renewable energy dependence and improving energy efficiency by recovering waste heat [1,2]. The exergy analysis is combined with energy modelling and simulation techniques It allows identifying the sources of thermodynamics’ irreversibility in heat pumps for optimising performance. Hepbasli et al [23] studied a pilot-scale air-source heat pump for food drying They concluded that the advanced exergoeconomic analysis gives a more sensitive evaluation of inefficient components to system modification and efficiency improvement. This work presents an advanced exergoeconomic evaluation for a new arrangement of combined ejector-solar assisted heat pump system to give a complete overview of the system’s potential. The new system arrangement is applied to data centre cooling and district heating simultaneously It combines four promising technologies: a heat pump, ejector, PV/T panels, and waste heat recovery. This will allow us to identify the magnitude and location of the most relevant thermodynamic cost losses and provide critical insights to improve the inefficient components to be more effective and reliable
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