Abstract
AbstractThis study examines the influence of convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEWs) on torrential rainfall events over Sumatra, Indonesia, during the rainy season (November to April). The analysis of the ERA-Interim reanalysis data and the gridded Asian Precipitation-Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Toward Evaluation of Water Resources (APHRODITE) product from 1980 to 2007 showed that Kelvin waves have a major influence in the formation of the extreme rainfall event over Sumatra, compared to other equatorial waves such as equatorial Rossby (ER), mixed Rossby-gravity (MRG), and eastward inertio gravity (EIG) waves. In particular, Kelvin waves contribute up to +100% (−70%) change of extreme rainfall probability during their wet (dry) phase, followed by ER waves that contribute up to + 80% (−50%) probability change during their wet (dry) phase. The MRG and EIG waves have much less impact compared to the other waves. An examination of the characteristics of CCEWs reveals that the extreme rainfall modulation is consistent with the regions of active (suppressed) convection and convergence (divergence) induced by the equatorial waves over Sumatra, Indonesia.KeywordsEquatorial Rossby wavesEquatorial wavesExtreme rainfallKelvin wavesSumatra
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