Abstract
Several theoretical and experimental results which are useful in estimating convective heattransfer from buoyant plumes to unconfined ceilings are to be found in the literature. While these results are applicable for estimating ceiling heat transfer in enclosure fires at early times, this is not generally the case once the inevitable layer of hot plume gases starts to accumulate near the ceiling. In this paper a method for estimating ceiling heat transfer under the general conditions of the latter scenario is outlined, and a partial verification of its validity is provided. The method requires results for unconfined ceiling heat transfer which are also summarized.
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