Controversies between lymphoma and uveitis – the point of view of the ophthalmologist

Abstract

SummaryDiagnosis of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) is often challenging. One of the reasons of this challenge relies on the absence of specificity of the clinical signs (masquerade syndrome mimicking uveitis), the low number of cells in the vitreous, and its fragility leading to rapid degradation of the cells during or after vitrectomy. Anterior chamber cytokine dosage provides important informations regarding the screening of patients suspect of PVRL. It also proved to be a valuable tool to detect early relapses of patients during the follow‐up. New molecular diagnostic tools or new biological scores based on intraocular cytokine dosage have been developed to increase the yield of cytokine level measurement and help in the decision to propose diagnostic vitrectomy. It may also be helpful to evaluate the ocular response to treatment in order to tailor the therapeutic strategy for each patient.