Abstract
When solid particles, such as sediments, are transported by a turbulent boundary layer flow, the wall-normal turbulent diffusion of particle concentration has been observed to be much higher than the turbulent diffusion of momentum (the eddy viscosity). This is characterized by a turbulent Schmidt number lower than unity. By using the few available existing direct measurements of Reynolds-averaged wall-normal particle flux and our two-phase flow large eddy simulations we demonstrate that the actual turbulent Schmidt number is indeed higher than unity. The misinterpretation may be explained by settling retardation of particles in turbulent flows compared with quiescent water.
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