Abstract
Abstract We report a simple method to modify the surface of 1:1 AgI/BiVO4 composites with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (PFDS), 3-(methacryloyloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (KH-570), and trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS). The physical and chemical properties of the photocatalysts before and after modification were characterized by XRD, XPS, SEM, FT–IR, UV–vis DRS, and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. After the modification, the WCA of the 1:1 AgI/BiVO4 composites increased from 34.0° to 95.0° (0.11 PFDS), 57.3° (3.5 KH-570), and 57.0° (2.5 TMCS). The surface with controllable wettability was obtained by optimizing the amount of modifier. The removal rate of 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) was significantly increased within a certain range of wettability. The WCA ranges of 1:1 AgI/BiVO4 composites modified by PFDS, KH-570, and TMCS were 68.3–75.8°, 42.0–52.3°, and 42.0–54.7°, respectively, and the removal rate of EE2 was significantly higher. The photocatalytic activity was the best when the WCAs were 75.8° (0.05 PFDS), 51.0° (2.0 KH-570), and 48.1° (1.3 TMCS), and the removal rates of EE2 in 20 min under visible light were 90.0%, 92.9%, and 99.4%, respectively. These values were significantly better than those of unmodified 1:1 AgI/BiVO4 composite (74.7%) and pristine BiVO4 (8.4%). The results show that appropriate wettability improves photocatalytic activity.
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