Abstract
Monocytes beget macrophages, and fused macrophages beget bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Factors such as monocyte-colony stimulating factor (from stromal cells) and interleukin-1 (IL-1; from macrophages) keep this process ticking along, but now Li and colleagues report (page 1169) that osteoclasts make a protein that forms part of a critical feedback loop. Without the IRAK-M (IL-1 receptor associated kinase M) protein, which was previously thought to be expressed only in macrophages, osteoclasts are hyperactivated and mice get severe osteoporosis.
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