Abstract
The recent advent of wave-shaping methods has demonstrated the focusing of light through and inside even the most strongly scattering materials. Typically in wavefront shaping, light is focused in an area with the size of one speckle spot. It has been shown that the intensity is not only increased in the target speckle spot, but also in an area outside the optimized speckle spot. Consequently, the total transmission is enhanced, even though only the intensity in a single speckle spot is controlled. Here, we experimentally study how the intensity enhancement on both interfaces of a scattering medium depends on the optimization area on the transmission side. We observe that as the optimization radius increases, the enhancement of the total transmitted intensity increases. We find a concomitant decrease of the total reflected intensity, which implies an energy redistribution between transmission and reflection channels. In addition, we find qualitative evidence of a long-range reflection-transmission correlation. Our result is useful for efficient light harvesting in solar cells, multichannel quantum secure communications, imaging, and complex beam delivery through a scattering medium.
Highlights
Wave interference in disordered scattering media results in speckles through the coherent addition of multiple waves, which are independent and have random amplitudes and phases [1]
There is a significant intensity increase in the optimization area for both optimization radii ro = 15.2 μm and ro = 4.7 μm. This intensity increase is expected since the intensity in the optimization area is the feedback to the partitioning algorithm
The intensity outside the optimization area remarkably increases as well in both Figs. 3(a) and 3(b). This intensity increase agrees with the observation in Ref. [18], where the intensity outside the optimization area was observed to increase as well
Summary
Wave interference in disordered scattering media results in speckles through the coherent addition of multiple waves, which are independent and have random amplitudes and phases [1]. The algorithm modifies the spatial phase of the incident field on the scattering medium, such that the intensity in the target spot is maximized These wave-shaping methods have led the way for exciting applications such as noninvasive biomedical imaging [32,33,34], advanced optics [35,36,37,38,39,40], and cryptography and secure communication [41,42]. The dependency that we seek will give insight into the intensity redistribution between the transmitted and reflected speckles Such a fundamental understanding is useful for applications of wavefront shaping in efficient energy harvesting in solar cells [45,46,47], multichannel quantum secure communications [48,49], imaging [28,34,50,51], and the delivery of complex beams through a scattering medium [52]. Our result reveals qualitative evidence of the longrange reflection-transmission correlation
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