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Abstract
In this work, a versatile one-step hydrothermal technique was used to produce a hybrid standalone electrode of NiCo2O4 hierarchical nanostructures anchored on CNFs mat for highly-performance and substrate-free supercapacitors. The CNFs mat was working as a conductive and a three-dimensional template for the deposition of the hierarchical NiCo2O4 nanostructures at the same time. The morphological and structural data analysis revealed a pure spinel NiCo2O4 nanostructures with a unique surface morphology comprising interconnected ultrathin nanoneedles and nanoflowers were successfully anchored to the CNFs mat. Real supercapacitors consist of two-symmetrical hybrid electrodes with different NiCo2O4 loading ratios were assembled and tested. The electrochemical performances of the assembled devices in terms of specific capacitance, energy, and power densities were systematically evaluated. Increasing the NiCo2O4 loading on the CNFs mat had shown a positive impact on improving the overall electrochemical performance of the assembled supercapacitors. A hybrid electrode loaded with NiCo2O4 twice as much as CNFs possess a specific capacitance value of 540 F g−1 along with an energy density of 30 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 515.6 W kg−1. In addition, the device showed excellent cycling stability and high capacitance retention against 6000 charge–discharge cycles at a charging current of 1.0 A g−1.
Highlights
The upcoming times will witness more spreading of flexible and wearable electronics for various oriented applications such as medical treatment purposes, smart assistance devices, and the remote sensing devices [1,2]
3.1 Structural characteristics of the NiCo2O4:carbon nanofibers (CNFs) hybrid nanocomposites The hydrothermal approach proposed here is a one-step technique intended for the formation of highly-performance standalone hybrid NiCo2O4:CNFs electrodes for flexible supercapacitor applications
The best electrochemical performance for the devices is only achievable when the CNFs electrode was loaded with the utmost NiCo2O4 nanostructure mass loading
Summary
The upcoming times will witness more spreading of flexible and wearable electronics for various oriented applications such as medical treatment purposes, smart assistance devices, and the remote sensing devices [1,2]. Deng and his coworkers reported in 2015 the solvothermal synthesis of mesoporous NiCo2O4 nanosheets on carbon fiber paper and they achieved as high as 1036 F g-1 specific capacitance, but it was using a three-electrode system [29,31] In this regard, this study introduces a scalable and readily approach for the fabrication of highly-performance, free-Standing, and flexible SC real devices based on hybrid nanocomposites from a CNFs mat decorated by NiCo2O4 nanostructures. The electrochemical measurements performed on real two-electrode SC fabricated based on the flexible NiCo2O4:CNFs hybrid nanocomposite showed a very high specific capacitance that reached 540 F g−1 and a maximum energy density of 30 Wh kg−1 at a remarkable power density of 515.6 W kg−1 as well as excellent cycling stability. The performances of the hybrid nanocomposites were carefully interpreted and evaluated from the structural and morphological characterization employed in this study
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