Controlled Self-Assembly of Low-Dimensional Supramolecular Systems Based on Double-Decker Lanthanide Phthalocyaninates

Abstract

Possessing unique physicochemical properties, phthalocyanines are widely used as active components of supramolecular ensembles and nanomaterials. The functional properties of phthalocyanine-based materials are governed by not only the structure of their discotic molecules, but also the character of their intermolecular interactions, which determine both the self-assembly mechanism and the structure of such systems. This review discusses the experimental approaches, which are based on the notions of colloid and coordination chemistry that enable one to control intermolecular interactions in low-dimensional supramolecular ensembles based on phthalocyanines and metallocomplexes thereof. Using double-decker crown-substituted lanthanide phthalocyaninates as an example, it is shown how one- and two-dimensional nanomaterials with different properties can be obtained from the same type of building blocks employing a set of colloid-chemical methods. Such materials are, in particular, capable for controlled absorption of visible light in ultrathin films and can be employed as conducting one-dimensional components of planar elements for organic electronics.