Controlled preparation of Bi/BiOCl with enhanced catalytic activity for organic pollutant under visible light using one-pot hydrothermal technology

Abstract

Flowerlike Bi/BiOCl was prepared by one-pot hydrothermal method, where Bi(NO3)3 was used as Bi source, NiCl2 was used as employed as Cl source and co-catalyst, DMF was adopted as cosolvent and reducing agent. In the presence of NiCl2, the reduction of Bi(NO3)3 was accelerated. The prepared conditions were optimized. The prepared Bi/BiOCl showed high photocatalytic activity for rhodamine B (RhB) degradation within 200 s under visible light irradiation. The degradation efficiency and degradation reaction rate for Bi/BiOCl were 98.7% and 1.194 min −1, which was significantly better than that of BiOCl (6.6% and 0.0240 min −1). The improvement of photocatalytic activity was attributed to the successful in-situ formation of Bi metal in the sample, which greatly improved the visible light activity of BiOCl, increased the transfer rate of the photogenerated electron, and inhibited the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The prepared Bi/BiOCl presented high cyclic stability and low Bi element leakage of 1.2 ng L−1. The conversion of N element in RhB was preliminarily studied, and the results showed that N element was effectively converted into ammonium. Moreover, the decreased toxicity after RhB degradation was investigated and confirmed by mung bean cultivation with RhB solution before and after degradation.