Controlled Parenteral Formulations: An Efficacious and Favourable Way to Deliver the Anti-psychotic Drugs

Abstract

The current paradigm of pharmaceutical formulations is focused on the controlled & sustained delivery of a drug for the management of chronic impairments. Since these diseases need daily and multiple intakes of the drug (i.e., twice or thrice a day) and missing a single dose, leads to the poor therapeutic window which governs unpleasant pharmacological response and ultimately patient in-compliance. All over the world, millions of patients are suffering from life-threatening diseases; one of which is “psychosis”, which immensely requires prolong and sustain release of the drug. Moreover, mainstay lacuna with antipsychotic medication is the reoccurrence of the symptoms, and patient adherence on the therapy has been observed. These issues attract scientists to formulate the Controlled Parenteral Antipsychotic (CPA). As per the literature search, significant work has been performed on the development of Novel Controlled Parenteral Formulations (CPFs) for the treatment of psychosis and especially focus has been given to microsphere, esterification, nanoformulation, and salt-based formulation. Reports revealed that all of the above-mentioned formulations have shown enormous potential to enhance the duration of a drug in the body for a longer period in a controlled manner. The development of a drug in any form has shown a great impact on the patient’s life, with tremendous productivity in the Pharma Market. As well as, this has raised the hope to get more efficacious results of both the categories i.e., typical & atypical antipsychotics and limiting the drawbacks of conventional antipsychotic drug delivery. Controlled formulations have also shown the prominent solutions to handle one of the major obstacles that arises due to the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS). Drugs belonging to any of the BCS class can be utilized now with the idea of CPF. In this context, the current paper relies on CPA’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges followed by a compilation of attempt made by scientists on its formulations (microspheres, salt-based, and nanoformulation) which will be one-stop-shop for the researchers working globally in this field to make better improvement on the existing options for psychosis. In summary, this review explains the concept of CPA as a promising option to treat psychosis.