Abstract
One-dimensional Zn-doped α-Fe2O3 nanowires have been controllably synthesized by using the pure pyrite as the source of Fe element through a two-step synthesis route, including the preparation of Fe source solution by a leaching process and the thermal conversion of the precursor solution into α-Fe2O3 nanowires by the hydrothermal and calcination process. The microstructure, morphology, and surface composition of the obtained products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that the formation process of α-Fe2O3 is significantly influenced by the introduction of Zn2+. The gas sensing measurements indicated that the sensor based on 1% Zn-doped α-Fe2O3 nanowires showed excellent H2S sensing properties at the optimum operating temperature of 175 °C. Notably, the sensor showed a low H2S detection limit of 50 ppb with a sensor response of 1.5. Such high-performance sensing would be ascribed to the one-dimensional structure and high specific surface area of the prepared 1% Zn-doped α-Fe2O3 nanowires, which can not only provide a large number of surface active sites for the adsorption and reaction of the oxygen and H2S molecules, but also facilitate the diffusion of the gas molecules towards the entire sensing materials.
Highlights
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as a typical colorless, inflammable, and malodorous gas, is extensively produced in various industrial processes, such as coal mines, water treatment, petroleum refining, and paper industry [1,2]
In the perspective of human health protection and environmental monitoring, the selective and reliable H2S sensor with the detection limit of ppm and sub-ppm is in urgent demand
The results demonstrated that the sensor based on 2.33% Au modified α-Fe2O3 thin films exhibited the highest H2S response
Summary
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as a typical colorless, inflammable, and malodorous gas, is extensively produced in various industrial processes, such as coal mines, water treatment, petroleum refining, and paper industry [1,2]. In gas sensors, MOS has been considered as the most potential sensing materials in detecting various hazardous gases and has covered most of the monitoring of environmental pollutants [17,18]. The sensor based on the obtained nanospheres exhibited a peak response of 6 to 10 ppm H2S at the operating temperature of 225 ◦C [27]. It found that the response time of this sensor was very long (27 min) [33] Despite these progress have been made, as can be seen, it can be found that there are still some limitations to meet the requirements of practical application, including relatively low sensitivity, high detection limit, and high operating temperature. Zalilnecr tchhalonri7d4eμ(mZnwCel2r)e oanbdtainsoeddiufrmomhGydornogxcihdaeng(NlinaOg Hm)inwerearlecoamnaplyantiyc,alAngsrahdaen, aCnhdinpa.urZcihnacsecdhlofrroidme (SZinnoCpl2h)aarnmd CsohdeimumicahlyRderoaxgiednet(CNoa.O, LHt)dw., eSrheeannyaalyntgic,aCl ghrinada.eHanyddproucrhchloarsiecdafcriodm(HSiCnol)pwhaarsmpCurhcehmasiceadl RfreoamgeKntemCoio.,uLtRde.,aSghenent yCaon.g, ,LCtdh.i,nTa.iaHnyjind,roCchhilnoari.cAacllidth(He Crela) gweanstspuwrecrheasdeidrefcrtolymuKseemd iaosu rReecaegiveendt Cwoit.h, Loutdt.f,uTritahnejirnp, uCrhifiincaa.tiAonll.the reagents were directly used as received without further purification
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