Abstract
In this study, water soluble CuO nanostructures having nanobelt, nanorod, or spindle morphologies were synthesized using aqueous solutions of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and NaOH by adjusting the type of surface modifier and reaction temperature. The effect of morphologies of these various CuO nanostructures as water-based lubricant additives on tribological properties was evaluated on a UMT-2 micro-friction tester, and the mechanisms underlying these properties are discussed. The three different morphologies of CuO nanostructures exhibited excellent friction-reducing and anti-wear properties. Tribological mechanisms differed in the initial stage of frictional interactions, but in the stable stage, a tribochemical reaction film and adsorbed lubricious film on the rubbing surfaces played important roles in hindering direct contact between friction pairs, leading to improved tribological properties.
Highlights
As the society is progressing, people are increasingly demanding environmental protection and resource conservation
Cupric oxide (CuO) nanobelts were synthesized using an aqueous solution of NaOH and Cu(NO3)2 in the presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)
CuO nanobelts were obtained upon the decomposition of the copper hydroxide, http://friction.tsinghuajournals.com∣www.Springer.com/journal/40544 | Friction which was an intermediate product formed during the experimental process under alkaline conditions, as previously reported [44]
Summary
As the society is progressing, people are increasingly demanding environmental protection and resource conservation. A number of lubrication mechanisms have been proposed to explain the improvement of tribological performance, including: (a) formation of physical or/and chemical tribofilms Such protective films prevent direct contact between friction surfaces, leading to promising tribological properties; (b) generation of a rolling effect, whereby nano-additives rolled between frictional surfaces result in decreased friction and wear; (c) mending effect, whereby nano-additives infill the defects of friction surfaces, improving. As a stable oxide of copper, CuO with different morphologies have been synthesized, including nanoneedle, nanowire, nanosheet, nanorod, nanobelt, nanotube, nanowhisker, and nanoparticle [38,39,40,41,42,43,44] It has good thermal conductivity and excellent stability in air. The tribological properties of CuO with three different morphologies were compared and their tribological mechanisms are discussed
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