Abstract
Adsorption of urea from dialysate is essential for wearable artificial kidneys (WRK). Molecularly imprinted microspheres with nanoporous and multilayered structures are prepared based on liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), which can selectively adsorb urea. In addition, we combine the microspheres with a designed polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chip to propose an efficient urea adsorption platform. In this work, we propose a formulation of LLPS including Tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA), ethanol, and acrylic acid (30% v/v), to prepare urea molecularly imprinted microspheres in a simple and highly controllable method. These microspheres have urea molecular imprinting sites on the surface and inside, allowing selective adsorption of urea and preservation of other essential constituents. Previous static studies on urea adsorption have not considered the combination between urea adsorbent and WRK. Therefore, we design the platform embedded with urea molecular imprinted microspheres, which can disturb the fluid motion and improve the efficiency of urea adsorption. These advantages enable the urea absorption platform to be highly promising for dialysate regeneration in WRK.
Highlights
Imprinted microspheres with nanoporous and multilayered structures are prepared based on liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), which can selectively adsorb urea
The TAA nanodroplets gradually separated from the original single emulsion droplet and formed a double emulsion droplet, as shown in Figure 2A(a1 –a3 )
Tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) nanodroplets gradually separated from the core in that double emulsion droplet sequentially and formed a triple emulsion droplet (Figure 2A(a4 ))
Summary
90% of of the the total total of of isomer, isomer, stabilized stabilized with with. 13,000–23,000), and dimethylaminobenMEHQ), urea, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA, Mw = 13,000–23,000), and dimethylaminobenzalzaldehyde (DMAB), were purchasedfrom fromAladdin. The silicone oil (Dow Corning, viscosity~50 mPa·s) was obtained from CChip. Rhodamine B and 2-hydroxyscientific instrument Co., Ltd. Rhodamine B and 2-hydroxy-22-methylpropiophenone (HMPP) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Trading Co., Ltd. methylpropiophenone (HMPP) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Trading Co., Ltd. Acrylic acid (AA) was purchased from Macklin Biochemical Co.,Ltd. Phosphate buffer saline (PBS, 0.1 M) was obtained from Hewei Pharma(Shanghai, China). Phosphate buffer saline (PBS, 0.1 M) was obtained from Hewei Pharceutical Technology Co., Ltd. Absolute ethanol was obtained from maceutical Technology Co., Ltd. From Damao chemical reagent factory (Tianjin, China)
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