Controllable Assembly and Spectroscopic Behavior of Brilliant Cresyl Violet in Different Environments

Abstract

In this paper, the aggregation behavior of brilliant cresyl violet (BCV) was studied using UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. BCV aggregation depends not only on the properties of the solvent and electrolyte, and the temperature and concentration of the dye solution, but also on the anionic surfactant. The results demonstrate that Nafion triggers trimer formation. Graphene oxide adjusts the relative position of dye molecules on the template through the electrostatic force and π–π stacking interactions to form highly ordered H-aggregates. However, BCV molecules on the graphene surface form the so-called J-aggregates after removal of the oxygen-containing surface groups by hydrazine reduction. The major driving forces affecting BCV aggregation are the electrostatic force, π–π stacking interactions, and hydrogen-bonding interactions.