Control trial and fecal egg count reduction test determinations of nematocidal efficacies of moxidectin and generic ivermectin in recently weaned, naturally infected calves

Abstract

An anthelmintic efficacy study was performed with young, naturally infected beef-type calves obtained at local farms. Presumably, the study calves had been recently weaned and had not been treated with a parasiticide prior to study acquisition. After blocking the 24 study calves in accordance with calculated Cooperia spp EPG counts, the calves were randomly allocated within each block to one of four treatment groups, resulting in 6 animals per treatment group (untreated controls, topical ivermectin at the rate of 500mcg/kg BW [Noromectin Pour-On® Norbrook], topical moxidectin at the rate of 500mcg/kg BW [Cydectin Pour-On® Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica (BIVM)] and injectable moxidectin at the rate of 200mcg/kg BW [Cydectin® BIVM]. After treatment, the animals were penned by treatment group until necropsy. Fecal, strongyle egg count reduction percentages at 2 days post-treatment were 13, 52, 81 and 93 for control, topical ivermectin, topical moxidectin and injectable moxidectin treatment groups, respectively. In the same order as above, egg count reduction percentages at necropsy (15–18 days post-treatment) were −14, 91, 94 and 97. Based on geometric means for worm burdens quantified at necropsy, anthelmintic efficacies ranged from 96 to 100% for adult Oesophagostomum radiatum, Ostertagia ostertagi, Haemonchus placei and Trichostrongylus axei. Against adult Nematodirus helvetianus, percent efficacies based on geometric means were 56.7, 98.3 and 82.2 for topical ivermectin, topical moxidectin and injectable moxidectin, respectively; an observation that is guarded, as only 5 control animals were infected with adult N. helvetianus. Respective anthelmintic efficacies (%’s) against adult Cooperia oncophora and C. punctata were 93.0 and 73.4 (topical ivermectin), 99.3 and 99.9 (topical moxidectin) and 46.1 and 93.6 (injectable moxidectin). Judging from these data, it appears that treatment of calves soon after weaning with topical moxidectin is effective (>90% efficacy) for all common nematodes in cattle, but injectable moxidectin and topical ivermectin have limited effectiveness against Cooperia spp. With Cooperia spp and H. placei infections, the fecal egg count reduction test and the control trial determinations of anthelmintic effectiveness were in disagreement regarding injectable moxidectin and topical ivermectin.