Abstract
Problem statement: Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are among the main installations in residential, commercial and industrial buildings. The purpose of the HVAC systems is normally to provide a comfortable environment in terms of temperature, humidity and other environmental parameters for the occupants as well as to save energy. Achieving these objectives requires a suitable control system design. Approach: In this overview, thermal comfort level and ISO comfort field is introduced, followed by a review and comparison of the main existing control techniques used in HVAC systems to date. Results: The present overview shows that intelligent controllers which are based on the human sensation of thermal comfort have a better performance in providing thermal comfort as well as energy saving than the traditional controllers and those based on a model of the HVAC system. Conclusion: Such an overview provides an insight into current control methods in HVAC systems and can help scholars and HVAC learners to have the comprehensive information about a variety of control techniques in the field of HVAC and therefore to better design a proper controller for their work.
Highlights
The primary goals of control strategies for the Heating, ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are to maintain occupants' thermal comfort and energy efficiency[1]
HVAC systems are used for comfort purposes, categorized in Comfort System, On the other hand, it's been well established that the consumption of energy by the HVAC equipment in commercial and industrial buildings constitutes 50% of the world energy consumption[2,3,4,5]
HVAC systems are classified in Energy Management Systems (EMS)
Summary
The primary goals of control strategies for the Heating, ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are to maintain occupants' thermal comfort and energy efficiency[1]. Thermal comfort is a vague and subjective concept and varies from one person to another. Research done by American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHARE) during last years identified the most important parameters that influence thermal comfort as Temperature, Relative Humidity, Air Velocity and Radiant Temperature. Activity level and clothing insulation of occupants are effective in thermal comfort, but they are variable and usually not measurable. HVAC systems are classified in Energy Management Systems (EMS)
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