Abstract
In order to solve the problems of low precision of variable-rate fertilization and uneven fertilization flow of field liquid fertilizer applicator, a control system of variable-rate fertilization of liquid fertilizer based on beetle antennae search algorithm was proposed. First of all, this study established a mathematical model for the variable-rate fertilization control system of liquid fertilizer. Then, according to the control requirements, the search algorithm is used to optimize the three parameters of Proportion Integration Differentiation (PID). Finally, the response time and overshoot of the system are analyzed by software simulation, and the PID control based on beetle antennae search algorithm is compared and analyzed with fuzzy PID control and traditional PID control. The control effect of the control system is verified by a bench test. The results show that the actual response time of the variable-rate fertilization control system based on the beetle antennae search algorithm can reach 2 s, and the average relative error can reach 1.27%. Therefore, the control system of this study can achieve a better control effect, and the control method of this study provides a feasible scheme for the study of variable-rate fertilization.
Highlights
Scientific and reasonable fertilization plays an extremely important role in improving crop yield, saving water resources, and improving soil quality
In order to improve the fertilization accuracy of liquid fertilizer and improve the response speed of the control system, this paper proposes a variable-rate fertilization control system based on beetle antennae search algorithm
The data measured by the electromagnetic flowmeter is displayed on the controller screen, and the actual spraying liquid fertilizer flow is measured by experiments
Summary
Scientific and reasonable fertilization plays an extremely important role in improving crop yield, saving water resources, and improving soil quality. It is very necessary to achieve the sustainable development of precision agriculture. The purpose of precision agriculture is to improve the yield, quality, and income of crops by optimizing the input of water and fertilizer in agriculture [5,6]. Avoiding waste water and fertilizer is one of the important purposes of precision agriculture. Variablerate fertilization, as a key technology and the basis of precision agriculture, provides a new and effective way to meet the needs of modern agriculture’s “green planting”, input on-demand, and uniform fertilization. Variable-rate fertilization technology can improve fertilizer utilization and reduce the impact on the environment [7,8]. Variable-rate fertilization aims to apply specific and accurate fertilizers at different locations to meet the requirements of water and fertilizer management at specific locations [9,10]
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