Control strategies against grey mould (Botrytis cinerea Pers.: Fr) and corresponding fungicide residues in grapes and wines

Abstract

This study examines the most effective anti-Botrytis strategies leading to possible lower pesticides residues in wine. To provide wine growers with a number of high-quality solutions for protection against Botrytis for their vineyards while minimizing pesticide residues in the final product, various treatment approaches were tested. A total of 10 strategies with different specific fungicide treatments for controlling Botrytis cinerea were applied to grapes at different growing stages: flowering, bunch closure and colour change. The type of vine chosen was Gamay, as it is very sensitive to Botrytis cinerea. In each experimental plot, disease incidence and severity were assessed at harvest. In addition, pesticide residue analysis was carried out on grapes, musts and wines to monitor residue levels in each treatment and to follow changes at each stage of the wine-making process. A correlation was established between the efficiency of anti-Botrytis fungicide treatment and pesticide residues in wine. Several strategies using various fungicides showed good results in terms of treatment efficiency while minimizing pesticide residues in wine, thus providing interesting alternatives to limit the development of fungal resistance.