Abstract
Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch) is one of the representative fresh agricultural products exported overseas from South Korea. The greenhouse whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Trialeurodes vaporariorum, is an economically important insect pest of commercial strawberries in South Korea. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of electron beam and X-ray on the development and reproduction of T. vaporariorum. To determine the radiation dose as a quarantine treatment for strawberry, T. vaporariorum were placed at the top, middle, and bottom location in boxes filled with strawberry fruits and irradiated. Eggs were completely inhibited from hatching at 50 Gy, and adult emergence of 3rd nymphs was completely suppressed at 150 Gy in both electron beam and X-ray. Some adults spawning occurred at 100 Gy. However, F1 hatchability was completely suppressed. The results suggest that T. vaporariorum was the most radiotolerant to both of ionization energy at the nymph stage. The dosimetry results showed that the penetrating power of ionizing radiation in boxes filled with strawberry fruits was the lowest at the bottom location. A treatment dose of 150 Gy is adaptable as a quarantine treatment to T. vaporariorum nymph in strawberry fruit. Our results indicate that ionizing radiation could be recommendable as a phytosanitary treatment for quarantine.
Highlights
Due to the breeding of domestic strawberry varieties in 2003, strawberry (Fragaria ananassaDuch) exports from South Korea have been steadily increasing [1]
The hatchability, adult emergence rate, fecundity and F1 hatchability of T. vaporariorum treated by ionizing radiation are shown in Tables 1 and 2
Egg hatching was completely inhibited at 70 Gy in both electron beam and X-ray
Summary
Due to the breeding of domestic strawberry varieties in 2003, strawberry Duch) exports from South Korea have been steadily increasing [1]. Because strawberries for export are transported by ship or airplane, ‘Maehyang (F. ananassa cv.)’ strawberries, which have superior storage quality, are the main variety exported;. Trialeurodes vaporariorum develops rapidly in greenhouse agroecosystems, and the density of whiteflies increases in a geometrical progression [5]. Strawberry-growing greenhouses are good places for whiteflies to live [6]. It can be harvested and packaged with the eggs, nymphs, and adults of T. vaporariorum on the part of the strawberry stem
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