Control of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus with Vector Resistance in Wheat

Abstract

Martin, T. J., Harvey, T. L., Bender, C. G., and Seifers, D. L. 1984. Control of wheat streak mosaic virus with vector resistance in wheat. Phytopathology 74:963-964. Resistance to the wheat curl mite (WCM), Eriophyes tulipae, derived KS80H4200 was reduced by 74% compared to WCM-susceptible cultivar from cultivar Salmon wheat, reduced the incidence of wheat streak mosaic Sage in greenhouse seedling tests. Reduced transmission of WSMV to by 58% in naturally infested wheat nurseries in 1979, 1981, and 1982. The WCM-resistant cultivars coupled with WCM control in WCM-resistant transmission of wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) to WCM-resistant volunteer wheat should give effective levels of WSM control. Wheat streak mosaic (WSM) is one of the most destructive line was replicated three times, as was the WCM-susceptible parent diseases of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) in the Great Plains region. Sage and the WCM-resistant parent Salmon. One of these Estimates of losses caused by wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) segregates, KS78H 1054, was identified previously as homozygous in Kansas include 816>X 106 kg in 1974 (9) and 571 X 106 kg in 1981 resistant to WCM and therefore, it was the only Sage/ Salmon (12). Cultural practices recommended to reduce WSM losses are derivative for which WSM incidence had been determined. The planting late and, destruction of volunteer wheat, the major WCM reaction for the remaining lines was unknown. Total oversummering ho'st for WSMV and its vector, the wheat curl mite number of plants in each row was determined by direct count. The (WCM) (Eriophyes tulipae Keifer) (13). These procedures are not number of WSMV-infected plants in each row was recorded in late always effective. In western Kansas many wheat producers do not May. follow either of these recommendations because volunteer wheat In 1981, WSM again occurred in the breeding nurseries at Hays. often is used for winter grazing and planting date usually is dictated The incidence of WSM was determined on four replications of both by the availability of soil moisture rather than WSM control WCM-resistant and -susceptible lines. The WCM-resistant lines considerations. were derived from the cross Sage/ Salmon/ 3/ Larned/ Eagle/ / Sage. Wheat cultivars with reliable WSMV resistance levels are not There were 10 WCM-resistant lines in the 1981 nursery. Data are available. Low levels of resistance exist in several cultivars under presented for KS80H4200 only, because it was representative of all certain conditions (6), but in many years these cultivars are WCM-resistant lines and was used in the 1982 tests. KS80H4200 damaged severely. High-level WSMV resistance was transferred to was released as germ plasm in 1982 by Kansas State University in wheat from two Agropyron species (5,11). Due to genetic linkage cooperation with USDA-ARS (7). All cultivars used in these tests between WSMV resistance and undesirable agronomic are susceptible to mechanical inoculation with WSMV (6).