Abstract
Solid state fermentation has been used for mass production of Metarhizium anisopliae many years ago. However, solid state fermentation was time consuming, costly and unable to produce in large amount. We examined the suitability of liquid state fermentation to mass produce M. anisopliae and the effect of culture medium on fungal pathogenicity. Three different liquid medium selected for this study was Jenkins medium, Leland medium and MPOB medium. The fungus was cultured for 5 days to examine the growth rate. Yield of submerged conidia in different medium was assessed on day 3. Fungal virulence was bioassayed on termite Coptotermes curvignathus. The results indicated that Jenkins medium yielded significantly lower growth rate and dry weight (1.472 mg mL-1), but the fungus exhibited highest virulence (100% mortality on day 4) among the 3 medium studied. MPOB medium had the highest growth rate and DW yield (1.961 mg mL-1) but achieved 100% mortality only on day 6. The LC50 result showed Jenkins medium yielded the most virulent fungus culture compared to Leland medium and MPOB medium.
Highlights
The entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae has been widely used to control agricultural pests for many years
Fungus cultivated in MPOB medium produced the highest growth compared to Leland medium and Jenkins medium
During day 1 and day 2 fungal cultures in Jenkins medium showed significantly lower dry weight yield compared to Leland medium, but no significant difference was observed when compared to MPOB medium
Summary
The entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae has been widely used to control agricultural pests for many years. Robert and Sweeney (1982) reported that fungal submerged culture was less pathogenic compared to aerial conidia. Leland et al (2005) and Jenkins and Prior (1993) found that alternation on liquid medium could produce pathogenic submerged conidia. The purpose of this study is to identify the suitable medium from three different sources derived from Moslim et al (2009), Leland et al (2005) and Jenkins and Prior (1993) to mass produce pathogenic submerged conidia for control of subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus and further use to formulate the biopesticide
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