Abstract
Many dangerous effects arise from seepage through earth dams based on pervious layer. Therefore, the dam embankment must be provided with seepage control measures to avoid such effects. In the present work, different control methods were used such as flat slopes, toe drainage systems, and a catch drain in the tail water. The hydraulic performance of each control measure was evaluated using the analytical solutions, previously developed, to estimate the seepage quantity (q), the height of seepage surface (h3), and the coordinates of the free surface (hx). Study was conducted on a physical model for a dam embankment having a top width (b) = 10.0 meter, height (Hd) = 30.0 meter, and slope factor (m) = 1.5. The obtained results were analyzed and presented in dimensionless charts. Results showed that, the used control measures possess a great effect on the characteristics of seepage through earth dams based on pervious foundations. A comparative study was conducted between the studied toe drainage systems to enable the designers the better choice for design purposes.
Highlights
Two basic problems grow out of seepage through earth dams
As for earth dams based on pervious foundation, the present paper focuses on analyzing the hydraulic performance for some control measures, using analytical solutions presented in the previous studies
The present study focuses on evaluation of the hydraulic performance of the different control measures used to protect earth dams, based on pervious foundation, against seepage
Summary
Two basic problems grow out of seepage through earth dams. The first is concerned with estimation of the amount of seepage discharge which is often a great economic matter for storage dams. Aboelela the nature of site geological formation. In both cases, the dam must be safeguard against dangerous seepage effects through it. Different control measures were presented by Sasi [1] to protect dams based on impervious foundation. As for earth dams based on pervious foundation, the present paper focuses on analyzing the hydraulic performance for some control measures, using analytical solutions presented in the previous studies
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