Abstract
Seed health test was done in laboratory to determine the status of seed borne fungi on seeds of five tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) varieties viz. Manik, Ratan, Roma VF, Kopotakkho and Monirumpuri and their possible control by using plant extracts. A total of 4 genera of 3 species of fungi were recorded where Fusarium oxysporum was the most prevalent and predominant seed borne fungus (25.60%). Other three fungal species are Aspergillus sp. of Aspergillus flavus (21.70%) and Aspergillus niger (11.11%) and Cladosporium sp. (13.49%). Tomato seeds were treated with different plant leaf extracts namely Mahogany, Mehendi and Allamanda with different doses viz. 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 to control the seed borne fungi. In treated seeds, germination was ranged from 72-82% which was 68% in controlled condition. Among the doses of three botanicals, Mahogany, Mehendi and Allamonda extract @ (1:1 w/v) showed significant performance in controlling seed borne fungi and germination of tomato seeds. Among the three botanicals, Mahogany @ (1:1 w/v) was found the best treatment regarding percent reduction of seed borne infection.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(3): 403-410, December 2016
Highlights
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) belongs to the genus Lycopersicon is considered as the most important food crops in Bangladesh
The experiment was conducted at the Seed Pathology Center (SPC) and Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh
The highest pathogenic incidence of Aspergillus flavus (21.70%) and Aspergillus niger (11.10%) were observed in the tomato seed varieties of Manik followed by Roma VF (20.00%) and (9.90%), in Monirumpuri (20.00%) and (10.10%) and others
Summary
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) belongs to the genus Lycopersicon is considered as the most important food crops in Bangladesh. The major constraints of tomato production in Bangladesh are pests, diseases, weeds, lack of quality seeds, postharvest losses, environmental factors etc. Among these constrains, seed borne disease is very crucial. A big amount of foreign currency goes out of the country every year due to control of the pathogen It is necessary to search for seed quality control measures that are cost effective, ecologically sound and environmentally safe to eliminate or reduce incidence of pathogens of economic importance to increase both seed germination and yield of plant crops.
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