Abstract
In this work, the authors used statistical processing of results of the long-term field several pieces of research by the method of multivariate analyze, factor analysis, and visualization of data with the use of the computer program Statistica 10. They created the multivariate Electronic Database for in-depth analysis and description of the effect of microbial preparations based on heterotrophic and phototrophic microorganisms on the efficiency of plant-microbial symbiotic systems in agrocenoses of legumes. Based on the field experiments on southern Chernozem in the steppe zone of the Crimea, the biological activity of the soil and the physiological and biochemical potential of soybean, pea, chickpea, peavine, and lentil were determined. The direction of microbiological and enzymatic processes in the rhizosphere was established, as well as interactive connections in the system “microorganisms – plants – soil”. The use of microbial preparations had a greater impact (2 times, p < 0.05) on the physiological and biochemical status of plants, crop structure, seed productivity, and grain quality. To a lesser extent, it influenced the biological activity of the soil in the agrocenosis of legumes. The advantage of using polyfunctional Cyanobacterial consortium in growing legumes for realizing the potential of plant-microbe interactions compared to monobacterization with Rhizobofit, fungi arbuscular mycorrhizae and biological products Rhizobofit, Phosfoenterin, and Biopolicyd was shown.
Highlights
Environmentally friendly land use, bringing agriculture as close to natural analogues as possible, but maintaining high productivity, as well as the development of new farming systems and high-tech agriculture are gaining greater attention [1]
Strains of microorganisms were deposited in Russian Collection of Agricultural Microorganisms (RCAM) of FSBIS AllRussia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology RAS (Saint-Petersburg) [13], Russian National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (VKPM) of Scientific Center "Kurchatov Institute" – Research Institute for Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms (Moscow) [14], Collection of Microalgae IPPAS and Cyanobacteria of the Institute of Plant Physiology RAS [15]
The Electronic database (EDB) is implemented in Microsoft Excel 17 e-sheets. It structured set of parameters and characteristics of the state of agrocenoses of soybean, chickpea, pea, peavine, and lentil according to the phases of development of plants and years of research
Summary
Environmentally friendly land use, bringing agriculture as close to natural analogues as possible, but maintaining high productivity, as well as the development of new farming systems and high-tech agriculture are gaining greater attention [1]. Biological nitrogen and symbiotic, associative and free-living microorganisms have a special place in this concept. They provide more than 70–90 % of the nitrogen reserve in arable soils by fixing atmospheric nitrogen [2]. The stabilizing basis of farming systems is legumes. They enter into symbiosis with specific nodule bacteria, form nitrogen-fixing nodules and are able to assimilate 125–480 kg/ha of air nitrogen in different soil and climatic conditions during vegetation [3]. About 50 % of nitrogen fixed from the air remains in the soil with crop residues from the roots of perennial legumes. This significantly increases the yield of subsequent crops
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