Abstract
A constructive method is presented to design controllers that force the output of nonlinear systems in a strict feedback form to track a bounded and sufficiently smooth reference trajectory asymptotically. Under a suitable condition on the initial output tracking error, the proposed controllers guarantee the output tracking error within a symmetric or an asymmetric pre-specified limit range, and boundedness of all signals of the closed-loop system. A transformation is introduced to take care of the output tracking error constraint. Smooth and/or p-times differentiable step functions are proposed and incorporated in the output tracking error transformation to overcome difficulties due to the asymmetric limit range on the output tracking error. As a result, there are no switchings in the proposed controllers despite the asymmetric limit range. The proposed control design is then applied to design a tracking controller for active magnetic bearings as an illustrating application.
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