Control of near electric field by topology optimised sub‐wavelength 3D loop antenna

Abstract

In this Letter, a new method is proposed for the synthesis of the near electric field. This method is based on three-dimensional (3D) small loop antennas with an engineered shape. An arbitrary shape is used as a new degree of freedom. Also, concerns over the implementation of complex shapes are vanished by 3D printing technology. With the help of an array of 3D small loop antennas, complex distribution of electric fields can be realised. To illustrate the functionality of the proposed method, an array of four elements, all of which is connected to a source, is designed to synthesise the desired electric field distribution. The results of design and experimental measurement showed high accuracy and capacity of this method in controlling the electric field.