Abstract

Abstract Oleander cuttings were rooted in 10-cm pots and allowed 8 wk growth (20-30 cm tall) before use. The plants were fertilized once a week with Miracle Grow (150 mg N/liter) and irrigated every other d for 3 min by drip system. Treatments were placed directly in the soil as a granular or drench on 4 Apr (day 0). Granular treatments were weighted on a balance in the greenhouse, placed directly on the soil in the pot, and irrigated into the soil with 250 ml of water. Drench treatments were added to 250 ml of water prior to drenching the soil. Following treatment, plants were caged (40 cm diam X 70 cm high acetate cylinder with screened top). Each cage contained 2 plants from a single treatment and represented a single replicate. Eight wild (field collected) glassy-winged sharpshooters were placed into the cages 4 DAT and mortality was observed at 4, 24, and 48 h. All insects were removed after 48 h, and new insects were placed into the cages 7, 18, and 29 DAT. A RBC design was used with 3 replicates per treatment. Data were transformed arcsine x prior to ANOVA, and Duncan’s multiple range test was used to separate means.

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