Abstract
<p>The productivity of onion in Indonesia is generally low due to fusarium wilt disease. Biological controls can be applied using PGPR and Mycorrhizae. The purpose of this research was understand the interaction between PGPR and Mycorrhizal inoculation against fusarium wilt intensity as well as the growth and yield of onions. The isolation of <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> f.sp <em>cepae</em> and PGPR, followed by the tests of PGPR inhibition ability, phosphate solvent and HCN compound productivity. The method used in the field was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 replications. Results showed that the combination of PGPR and mycorrhizae as a whole was unable to suppress <em>Fusarium</em> wilt disease, but had significant effect to postpone the incubation period (26,19 days after inoculation) and increase the growth and yield of onion compared to the onion plants infected with <em>Fusarium</em> but without the combined treatment of PGPR and mycorrhizae and the PGPR treatment and mycorrhizal treatment as single treatments; the application of mycorrhizae as the single factor had a very significant effect on the number of bulbs, but had no significant effect on the inhibition of fusarium wilt intensity as well as the growth and yield of onions.</p>
Highlights
The production of onions in South Kalimantan Province reached only 9.8 t ha-1 (Distan Prop Kal-Sel, 2014), while the productivity potential could reach 17 t ha-1 (Pitojo, 2003)
The design used in this research was a completely randomized design (CRD) in a factorial experiement consisting of two treatments, namely the inoculation of PGPR with three levels consisting of PGPR Isolate 1 (P1), PGPR Isolate 2 (P2) and PGPR Isolate 3 (P3) which were interacted to mycorrhiza with two levels consisting of two species, glomus (M1) and gigaspora sp (M2)
Isolation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cepae F. oxsporum f. sp. cepae was isolated from soil, roots, bulbs and stems of onion plants that indicated the symptoms of fusarium wilt, in Batang Kulur Kanan Village, Sungai Raya District, Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia
Summary
The production of onions in South Kalimantan Province reached only 9.8 t ha-1 (Distan Prop Kal-Sel, 2014), while the productivity potential could reach 17 t ha-1 (Pitojo, 2003). Onions are usually planted seasonally from April to October, given the dry season in Indonesia occurring in these months. It causes fluctuations in prices and increase in losses for farmers (Pitojo, 2003). The onion cultivation needs to be carried out in the other months as well. The main problem of onion cultivation in the off-season is that the high risk of crop failure due to the intensity of pest and disease attacks in harvest time which is higher than in the growing season. Sumarni and Hidayat (2005) revealed that low crop productivity and pest attacks generally increase in onion
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