Abstract
Episodic spontaneous breathing movements have been observed to increase in incidence in the healthy human fetus from a low at 10 weeks to a stabilized peak from 30 weeks' gestation onwards. To determine the effects of carbon dioxide in such fetal breathing movements, the authors studied 30 pregnant patients with uncomplicated pregnancies divided into three periods: 24–26 weeks, 28–30 weeks and 32–34 weeks. Observations were made of maternal heart rate and blood pressure, fetal heart rate, and ultrasonic evidence of fetal breathing movements during four 15-minute breathing periods when the mothers were breathing room air, undergoing controlled hyper-ventilation or breathing 2% or 4% CO2 in air.
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