Abstract
Water desalination systems connected to microgrids with high penetration of renewable energy generation are frequently used to promote the development of remote areas. These microgrids often have power quality and even stability problems. This work shows that electrodialysis desalination systems can be managed as smart loads, that is, they can contribute to the power balance and voltage regulation of the microgrid without neglecting its main function of water desalination. For this, a model of multiple inputs and multiple outputs for a desalination system is proposed where the variables to control are the treated water concentration and the active and reactive powers demanded by the desalination system. Based on this model, a control law is proposed that allows to face the complexity of the non-linear system in a simple and precise way. The proposed control guarantees the low salt concentration of the drinking water and favors the energy balance of the microgrid, allowing better control of the power quality and greater penetration of renewable energy generation.
Highlights
Microgrids allow the bidirectional flow of energy, favoring the integration of renewable sources of generation, energy saving, cost reduction, and increased flexibility in view of greater reliability [1]
Water desalination systems connected to microgrids with high penetration of renewable energy generation are frequently used to promote the development of remote areas [12]
The incorporation of storage systems and the operation noncritical load according to the demand provide flexibility for the microgrid control
Summary
Microgrids allow the bidirectional flow of energy, favoring the integration of renewable sources of generation, energy saving, cost reduction, and increased flexibility in view of greater reliability [1] Among others, their main components are distributed generation units DGU ( renewable energy systems), energy storage devices, smart loads provided with techniques for consumption management, and monitoring systems and power flow control both for operation in connection to the network and in isolation mode. Their main components are distributed generation units DGU ( renewable energy systems), energy storage devices, smart loads provided with techniques for consumption management, and monitoring systems and power flow control both for operation in connection to the network and in isolation mode This last mode of operation (island mode) is the one that presents the most challenges from the point of view of the quality of the electric service [2]. The present work proposes a multivariable model for electrodialysis desalination processes and a control for operating them as smart loads and contribute to the power balance of the microgrid to which they are connected
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