Control effects of low-dose aspirin in different gestational weeks of pregnant women with high risk factors of pre-eclampsia

Abstract

Objective To investigate the control effects of low-dose aspirin in different gestational weeks of pregnant women with high risk factors of pre-eclampsia. Methods Patients with high risk factors of pre-eclampsia who were admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in our hospital from July 2017 to August 2018 were enrolled in the study. They were divided into the early medication group (52 cases, administrated during 12 to 16 weeks of pregnancy), the mid-term medication group (57 cases, administrated during 17 to 20 weeks of pregnancy), the late medication group (28 cases, administrated after 20 weeks of pregnancy), and the control group (25 cases, no medication during pregnancy) according to the status of oral administration of low-dose aspirin and the time of medication. The incidence of pre-eclampsia, incidence of maternal and neonatal complications, onset time, and delivery time were compared among the four groups. Results The incidences of pre-eclampsia in the early medication group and the mid-term medication group were 25.00% and 26.31%, which were significantly lower than those in the late medication group and the control group (P<0.05); the onset time and delivery gestational weeks were later than those in the late medication group and the control group (P<0.05). The incidences of maternal and neonatal complications such as lethal induction, placental abruption, and fetal growth restriction in the early medication group and the mid-term medication group were significantly lower than those in late medication group and the control group (P<0.05). The incidences of fetal growth restriction in the early medication group and the mid-term medication group were 13.46% and 15.79%, which were lower than those in late medication group (46.43%) and the control group (48.00%) (P<0.05). Conclusion Taking low-dose aspirin at 12-20 weeks of pregnancy can effectively reduce the incidence of pre-eclampsia in pregnant women with high risk factors of pre-eclampsia, delay the onset time and gestational weeks of delivery, and reduce the incidences of placental abruption, fatal induction, and fetal growth restriction. Key words: Pre-eclampsia; High-risk pregnant women; Aspirin; Gestational weeks; Prevention