Abstract
1). Nine primitive varieties of sugar cane in South-eastern Asia and vicinity were found to have the following chromosome numbers:Mia co-ke (Siam) 2n=80Mia go-cat (Siam) 2n=80Koshu fleshy cane (South China) 2n=80Ancha (Formosa) 2n=80Luzon White (Philippine) 2n=80Badila (New Guinea) 2n=80Talur (Java) 2n=81Tekcha (Formosa) 2n=118Yontanzan (Okinawa) 2n=1182). It was made clear that, in Siam and Cochin China, there exist some primitive cane varieties belonging to S. officinarum.3). Cane varieties showing 2n=80, presumed to belong to S. officinarum, are found in South China and Formosa. Cane varieties with morphological characters the same as those of this species are found also in Okinawa and even in Japan proper, although cultivated on a small scale.4). Tekcha and Yontanzan seem to be identical, judging from the study of meiosis in their PMC-s.5). A Javanese cane Talur shows 2n=81 and strikingly differs from other Saccharum plants having the never-heading and cauliflower-like inflorescence and pubescent leaf blade. This cane seems to be included rather properly in S. edule Hassk.The writer wishes to express his hearty thanks to Dr. F. Kagawa, Professor, Kyoto Univ., for his kind revision of this paper.
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