Abstract

Rational Choice (RC) theory argues that individual actions and their social outcomes can be explained by assuming goal-directed behaviour which is consistent with certain rationality criteria. This approach is based on methodological individualism. In economics and also in political science, RC is a proliferating research program. In sociology, there is an increasing number of scholars working in this tradition, in particular among American, European and Japanese sociologists. This chapter attempts to give a survey of the basic ideas and contributions made to sociology by RC theory. After a very brief description of its origins in Part 1 the core elements of RC theory will be discussed in Part 2. Having presented the necessary background, we will focus in Part 3 on the general contributions of RC to sociological theory. It will become clear that one of the main advantages of RC is its ability to provide a generalized framework for analysis of social phenomena. Part 4 will contain an overview of applications of RC in diverse fields of sociology.

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