Abstract
Abstract The correlation between biological and ecological parameters is essential for the sustainable use of species. This study aimed to assess the relationship between phenological intensity and tannin production in Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roem. & Schult.) T.D.Penn. in environments with different precipitation regimes. The tannin production and phenological characterization were assessed through the intensity and synchrony of leaves, flower buds, flowers, and fruits in specimens from two microregions of Paraiba, northeastern Brazil. The specimens in the municipality of Sume were not synchronous and fruiting is the least synchronous phenophase, with an index of only 0.17. The specimens in Sao Joao do Cariri had synchronization of 0.77, 0.82, and 0.92 for flower bud, flowering, and fruiting phenophases, respectively. The correlation and factorial clustering showed that fruiting has a correlation of -0.75 with the production of tannins, suggesting that low intensity of annual fruiting is necessary for higher tannin production.
Highlights
Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roemer & Schultes) T.D.Penn. belongs to the family Sapotaceae and is popularly known in Brazil as quixabeira, sapotiaba, sacutiaba, coronilha, coca, maçaranduba-da-praia, miri, and rompe-gibão
The tannin production and phenological characterization were assessed through the intensity and synchrony of leaves, flower buds, flowers, and fruits in specimens from two microregions of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil
In the comparative study of the two studied environments, it was observed that, in general, there is no total rainfall pattern for the impulse and complet of the cycle of each S. obtusifolium phenophases, due to the specific adaptation of each specimen according to the environment in which it is located
Summary
Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roemer & Schultes) T.D.Penn. belongs to the family Sapotaceae and is popularly known in Brazil as quixabeira, sapotiaba, sacutiaba, coronilha, coca, maçaranduba-da-praia, miri, and rompe-gibão. Belongs to the family Sapotaceae and is popularly known in Brazil as quixabeira, sapotiaba, sacutiaba, coronilha, coca, maçaranduba-da-praia, miri, and rompe-gibão It is a deciduous or semi-deciduous spinescent tree, with a dense top and simple chartaceous and glabrous leaves, bright on the upper side. This species has inflorescences in axillary fascicles, with 2 – 20 whitish, fragrant, and discreet flowers. Due to the wide distribution, flowering and fruiting periods vary in this species according to the environment (Barbosa et al, 1989, 2003; Gomes et al, 2010; Gomes et al, 2021; Kill et al, 2014). According to Kiill et al (2014), the differences in phenological behavior, floral biology, and pollinating agents indicate climatic variables as one of the several factors capable of influencing this relationship
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