Contribution of Ultrasonography in the Etiological Diagnosis of First Trimester Bleeding at the Nianankoro Fomba Hospital of Segou, Mali

Abstract

Bleeding in early pregnancy is common. Approximately 20-25% of pregnant women may experience bleeding in early pregnancy. Half of the women who experience vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy will carry their pregnancy to term. About 50% of first trimester bleeding will result in miscarriage. Given these factors, we evaluated the role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of the first trimester bleeding. This prospective observational study took place from January 1 to December 31, 2019 at the ultrasonography unit of the Nianakoro Fomba Hospital of Segou. It involved pregnant women with first trimester bleeding who met the inclusion criteria of our study. Data were collected using a form and analyzed using EPIINFO version 7 software. The mean ± standard deviation of the age of the pregnant women was 26 ± 3.9 years with an age range of 15 to 43 years. On ultrasonography, out of 103 cases, 52.43% were abortions, 35.92% as threatened abortion and 8.74% as ectopic pregnancy. Ovarian detachment (29.13%) and interrupted pregnancy (22.33%) were the predominant ultrasonographic abnormalities. Ultrasonography remains an essential exam in the etiological diagnosis of first trimester bleeding.