Contribution of the uterine cavity microbiota to the development of pathological endometrial processes

Abstract

Introduction. In the structure of gynecological morbidity intrauterine pathology occupies a leading position because of its high frequency and negative impact on the reproductive health of a woman. Endometrial pathology is numerous and includes endometrial hyperplasia and polyps, endometrial cancer, abnormal uterine bleeding and dysmenorrhea, endometriosis and Asherman's syndrome. Pathological changes of the endometrium in women with reproductive problems, such as infertility, habitual miscarriage, are particularly relevant.The aim of the work is to estimate the contribution of endometrial microbiota in the development of endometrial pathological processes and identify possible pathogens for the development of this process on the basis of scientific literature data.Materials and methods. Data analysis and systematization were performed on the basis of scientific publications in the PubMed, Google scholar, and Scopus databases for the period 2010–2021. For the final scientific review 65 sources were selected.Results and discussion. This article presents findings on the role of the uterine cavity microbiota and its contribution to endometrial pathology such as endometrial polyps and hyperplasia, adenomyosis and uterine bleeding, infertility and intrauterine synechiae. The correction of an altered microbiota opens up new insights into the development of uterine diseases and new therapeutic options.Conclusion. Numerous studies of the uterine cavity microbiota show its undoubted role in the development of uterine cavity pathology. However, the data obtained are quite contradictory. Further study of the uterine microbiota is necessary for a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of endometrial pathological processes.