Contribution of Special Immigrants from among Chechens and Ingush in the Development of the Karaganda Coal Basin in 1944-1957

Abstract

In the presented article, employment of Chechens and Ingush on mines of the Karaganda coal basin in the 40th of the XX century is considered. The Soviet state made successful attempts of socialization of Chechens and Ingush in places of their new accommodation. The deported Chechens and Ingush independently could earn to themselves on livelihood and housing, their standard of living gradually increased. Many families built houses, acquired cattle in private use. The author concludes that sharp needs of the regional economy for labor promoted the further accumulation of scales of utilization in the economy of the area of forced labor, special immigrants from the North Caucasus. Their work was actively used on construction of new mines, coal mining, and mining production, in industrial and civil engineering, and other branches of the economy of Kazakhstan. Work allowed them not only gradually to find a difficult financial position but also was the best option of an exit from a moral and psychological depression. Joint work pulled together the people of the North Caucasus with the local population. Compelled to remain in the foreign land, Chechens and Ingush contributed to the economic development of the Central Kazakhstan. The forced production plans were realized by the price of health and life of miners among which there were Chechens and Ingush. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5s3p324