Abstract
Cities are at the center of the transition to a decarbonized economy. The high consumption of electricity in these urban areas causes them to be the main focus of greenhouse gas emissions. However, they have a high margin of capacity to increase energy efficiency and local energy generation. Along these lines, the smart urban management model has been proposed as a solution to the unsustainability of cities. Due to the global trend of population concentration in urban areas, cities tend to be representative of the population, energy consumption, and energy sustainability of their countries. Based on this hypothesis, this paper studied the relationship between the smart city model and the concept of energy sustainability. First, the research analyzed the relationship between urban population growth and energy sustainability; and then the self-consumption capacity of photovoltaic electricity of the main cities of the countries classified in the energy sustainability indicator (Energy Trilemma Index 2017) of the World Energy Council was analyzed. According to the results, the scope of action for self-consumption of photovoltaic electricity is broad and cities have the capacity to contribute significantly to the energy sustainability of their countries. Following the approach of other authors, the development of energy sustainability objectives and the installation of smart systems in distribution grids must be aligned with national objectives.
Highlights
Covering the current needs of humanity without jeopardizing the coverage of the needs of future generations is the definition established for sustainable development [1]
To talk about energy sustainability in this paper, we will only refer to energy performance, and the following acronyms will be used: ETI to talk about the Energy Trilemma Index; ESR to talk about energy security; EQR to talk about energy equity; and EVR
In terms of the energy security ranking, this low level of diversity leads to a lower position in the ETI, the concentration of generation from renewable resources would lead to a reduction in the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) and; a higher position in the environmental sustainability ranking
Summary
Covering the current needs of humanity without jeopardizing the coverage of the needs of future generations is the definition established for sustainable development [1]. The concept of energy sustainability is used to address the coverage of the energy demand of society This process has not been sustainable because the development and economic growth of humanity has been based on the use of energy resources of fossil origin. The transformation of these resources to final energy has had an impact on the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG), the precursors of climate change. Due to the global trend of population concentration in these urban areas, cities tend to be representative of the population, energy consumption, and energy sustainability of their countries Based on this hypothesis, this paper analyzes the theoretical contribution that the smart city model can have on the energy sustainability of countries.
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